According to the official church
canon the period of the Easter
fast continues for seven weeks. Bulgarians call the first week
of the fast "sirnica", "sirni pokladi"
or "proshka" (forgiveness), because the Orthodox
religion allows the consumption of buuter, cheese and eggs. The
consumption of meat stops the previous week known as Mesni
(meat) Zagovezni.
The Sirni Sunday is rich with rituals.
Before lunchtime the newly marreid go visit their first witnesses
and elder relatives - parents, brothers and sisters, friends.
They kiss their hand and ask forgiveness, because in the evening
when they sit on the table they should have reconciled and taken
forgiveness from their relatives. "Forgive me!"
- that is what the young peole say when they bend to kiss the
hand. "May God forgive you, you are forgiven!"
- the elder bless. In the evening the whole household gathers
around the table, full of fishmeals, cheese and eggs pasrty, milk
and of course white khalva. The youngest members of the family
are eager for start of the traditional "hamkane"
or "lamkane". They sit on the floor, making a
circle. The grandmother ties a piece of the khalva, a piece of
cheese or of a boiled egg with a red woollen thread. She ties
the other end of the thread to the ceiling beam or to her distaff.
Then she swings the khalva around the sitting children who keep
their hands behind their backs. Each of the children tries to
bite the swinging tidbit with its mouth, which turns the ritual
into a noisy and funny game. Then the grandmother sets the thread
on fire and by the way it burns she predicts if the year to come
will be fertile. The ashes from the burnt woollen thread are kept
as a remedy. After dinner the men go out into the yard and shoot
with rifles announcing the beginning of the Great fast.
Very important things in the tradition
are the putting on of big bonfires and the jumping over them in
which the main participants are the bachelors and the elder boys.
During the whole "sirna week" they gather branches
and corn leaves which they carry to the high places outside the
village. They pile the branches and the leaves around a high pike
and they put the head of a rooster that has been slaughtered during
the Mesni (meat) Zagovezni on top of the pike. The young people
from different nieghborhoods compete with each other and try to
make the highest piles. In the evenuing of the Sirna Sunday they
set the bonfires on fire and they have different names in the
different parts of Bulgaria - "oratnici", "olelii",
"kurkovnici", "oidelelii" or
"urbalki".
In Strandja the lads carry big wicher
baskets with burning straw in them on pikes. That is why the tradition
is also known as "Pali kosh" (burn the basket).
They have made in advance by themselves special kinds of arrows
made of hazel and cornel tees. The arrows are called "chavgi",
"chilki", "pernici" or "susamnici".
They are shot away with the help of a split hazel tree - "mashalgan".
The arrowa are set on fire and directed by the lads to the home
of the lass they love. The action is accompanied by phrases that
sometimes get a little too cynic: "If you, old man, don't
give me the lass I will set your beard on fire!" The
bachelors and the boys jump over the fire and play around it until
the morning comes. This is done to protect the house from fleas,
the summer from rain and for a fertile year. In the evening when
the bonfires are burning everyone goes out to the square for the
last boys-and-girls horo. To make the hemp and the other crops
grow tall the peole play the horo wildly and bouncy. Horoes are
not allowed to play until Easter,
during the Great fast.
Ritual table: Fish meals,
cheese and eggs pastry, milk and white khalva.
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